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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Short-term and Long-term Investments</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansByExercisePriceRangeTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Summary of Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable under the 2020 Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Available for Grant, Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardNumberOfSharesAvailableForGrant_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Available for Grant, Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Liabilities</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Risk-free interest rate</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">General and Administrative</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term, Options exercisable (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecuritiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecuritiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Investments, Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecuritiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Current, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_EntityReincorporationDateOfReincorporation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Entity reincorporation, date of reincorporation.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_EntityReincorporationDateOfReincorporation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Reincorporation Date Of Reincorporation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_EntityReincorporationDateOfReincorporation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity reincorporation, date of reincorporation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Significant Accounting Policies</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted-Average Assumptions used in Estimating Fair Value of each Stock Options using Black-Scholes Option-Pricing Model</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Schedule of Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Summary of Dilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Diluted Net Loss Per Share Attributable to Common Stockholders</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Number of shares issued and sold</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_BasisOfAccountingPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Basis of Presentation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Schedule of Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Schedule Of Share Based Compensation Arrangements By Share Based Payment Award [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantsAwarded_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Grants awarded.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantsAwarded_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Grants Awarded</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantsAwarded_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Research grant awarded</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_FollowOnPublicOfferingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Follow-on public offering.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_FollowOnPublicOfferingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Follow On Public Offering [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_FollowOnPublicOfferingMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Follow-on Public Offering</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Capital Expenditures Incurred but Not yet Paid</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Purchases of property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Employee-related Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Employee compensation and benefits</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Employee-related Liabilities, Current, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAndRestrictedStockUnitGranted_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Share based compensation arrangement by share based payment award options and restricted stock unit granted.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAndRestrictedStockUnitGranted_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award Options And Restricted Stock Unit Granted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAndRestrictedStockUnitGranted_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Options and restricted stock units granted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">General and Administrative Expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">General and administrative</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">General and Administrative Expense, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Property and equipment, net</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Property and equipment, net</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Common Stock, Shares, Issued</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Common stock, shares issued</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Common Stock, Shares, Issued, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Forfeited in Period</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Cancelled</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Share Equivalent, Cancelled</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_BothellWashingtonMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Bothell, Washington.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_BothellWashingtonMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Bothell Washington [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_BothellWashingtonMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Bothell, Washington</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Amortized Cost</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Investments, Amortized Cost</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Operating lease right-of-use asset</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Statistical Measurement [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Statistical Measurement</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_WangVAthiraPharmaIncMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Wang V. Athira Pharma, Inc.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_WangVAthiraPharmaIncMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Wang V Athira Pharma Inc [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_WangVAthiraPharmaIncMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Wang V. Athira Pharma Inc.,</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Fair Value Disclosure</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Cash equivalents, Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Restricted Cash, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Restricted cash</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_LongTermInvestmentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Long-term Investments.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_LongTermInvestmentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Long Term Investments [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_LongTermInvestmentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Long Term Investments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Income Statement Location [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Income Statement Location</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RestatementDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Revision of Prior Period [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Investments [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Investments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Accrued Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Accrued liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Total accrued Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Costs and Expenses</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Total operating expenses</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Common Stock, Shares Authorized</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Common stock, shares authorized</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_UseOfEstimates_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_UseOfEstimates_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Use of Estimates</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Operating Lease, Liability, Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Current operating lease liability</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccretionAmortizationOfDiscountsAndPremiumsInvestments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Accretion (Amortization) of Discounts and Premiums, Investments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccretionAmortizationOfDiscountsAndPremiumsInvestments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts on available-for-sale securities, net</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Adjustments to Reconcile Net Income (Loss) to Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Outstanding shares of potentially dilutive securities were excluded from the computation of the diluted net loss per share</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_RoyaltyObligation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Royalty obligation.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_RoyaltyObligation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Royalty Obligation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_RoyaltyObligation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Royalty obligation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_StockOptionsToPurchaseCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Stock options to purchase common stock.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_StockOptionsToPurchaseCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Stock Options To Purchase Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_StockOptionsToPurchaseCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Stock Options to Purchase Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IssuanceOfCommonStockUponExerciseOfCommonStockOptionsAndVestingOfRestrictedStockUnitShares_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Issuance Of Common Stock Upon Exercise Of Common Stock Options And Vesting Of Restricted Stock Unit Shares</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IssuanceOfCommonStockUponExerciseOfCommonStockOptionsAndVestingOfRestrictedStockUnitShares_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Issuance Of Common Stock Upon Exercise Of Common Stock Options And Vesting Of Restricted Stock Unit Shares</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IssuanceOfCommonStockUponExerciseOfCommonStockOptionsAndVestingOfRestrictedStockUnitShares_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock options and vesting of restricted stock units, Shares</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IncreaseDecreaseInUnbilledGrantReceivables_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Increase (decrease) in unbilled grant receivables.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IncreaseDecreaseInUnbilledGrantReceivables_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Increase Decrease In Unbilled Grant Receivables</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IncreaseDecreaseInUnbilledGrantReceivables_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Unbilled grant receivable</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_PhaseThreeClinicalTrailInitiationOfLicenseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Phase three clinical trail initiation of license agreement.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_PhaseThreeClinicalTrailInitiationOfLicenseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Phase Three Clinical Trail Initiation Of License Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_PhaseThreeClinicalTrailInitiationOfLicenseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Phase 3 Clinical Trial Initiation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseExistenceOfOptionToExtend_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Operating Lease, Existence of Option to Extend [true false]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseExistenceOfOptionToExtend_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Operating lease existence of option to extend</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Assets [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Assets</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year One</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">2023</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Accounts Payable, Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Accounts payable</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Accounts Payable, Current, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">US Government Agencies Debt Securities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_USGovernmentAgenciesDebtSecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">U.S. Government Debt and Agency Securities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Common stock, par value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Shares, Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Ending balance, shares</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Beginning balance, shares</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Additional Paid in Capital, Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Additional Paid in Capital, Common Stock, Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Additional Paid in Capital, Common Stock, Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Research and Development Expenses</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Document Type</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Employee Stock Purchase Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RestatementAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Revision of Prior Period [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockOwnershipPlan_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan, shares</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesEmployeeStockOwnershipPlan_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Employee Stock Ownership Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Operating Lease, Liability, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Operating lease liability, less current portion</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Schedule of Accrued Liabilities [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Schedule of Accrued Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Total current assets</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Payment Arrangement [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Stock-based Compensation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Other Nonoperating Income and Expense [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Other Income, Net</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentArrangementContractToPerformForOthersByTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others, Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentArrangementContractToPerformForOthersByTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others, Type</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodFairValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share based Payment Award Options Grants In Period Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodFairValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share based Payment Award Options Grants In Period Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodFairValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Fair value of options granted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationDateOfIncorporation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Incorporation, Date of Incorporation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationDateOfIncorporation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity incorporation, date of Incorporation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Antidilutive Securities [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Antidilutive Securities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Non-vested at June 30, 2022</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Non-vested at December 31, 2021</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Outstanding, Aggregate Intrinsic Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Expected to vest</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IssuanceOfCommonStockValueDuringPeriodFollowOnPublicOfferingNetOfUnderwritersDiscountsAndCommissions_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Issuance of common stock value during period follow-on public offering, net of underwriters' discounts and commissions.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IssuanceOfCommonStockValueDuringPeriodFollowOnPublicOfferingNetOfUnderwritersDiscountsAndCommissions_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Issuance of Common Stock Value During Period Follow-on Public Offering Net of Underwriters Discounts and Commissions</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IssuanceOfCommonStockValueDuringPeriodFollowOnPublicOfferingNetOfUnderwritersDiscountsAndCommissions_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Proceeds from follow-on public offering, net of underwriters' discounts and commissions and issuance costs</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Common stock, shares outstanding</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding, Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding, Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Plan Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Less: accumulated depreciation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Property, Plant, and Equipment, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Property, Plant, and Equipment, Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Accumulated Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization, Property, Plant, and Equipment, Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCollaborativeArrangementsAndNoncollaborativeArrangementTransactionsTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Schedule Of Collaborative Arrangements And Noncollaborative Arrangement Transactions [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_AccruedProfessionalServicesAndOtherCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Accrued professional services and other, current.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_AccruedProfessionalServicesAndOtherCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Accrued Professional Services And Other Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_AccruedProfessionalServicesAndOtherCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Professional services and other</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Investments, Unrealized Losses</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Weighted-Average Exercise price per Share, Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Weighted-Average Exercise price per Share, Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Operating activities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Maturity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Reconciliation of Undiscounted Operating Lease Cash Flows to Operating Lease Liability Payments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Earnings Per Share, Diluted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Earnings Per Share, Diluted, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Investments, Unrealized Gains</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Earnings Per Share [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_AnnualMinimumRoyaltyPaymentsAfterFirstCommercialSale_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Annual minimum royalty payments after first commercial sale.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_AnnualMinimumRoyaltyPaymentsAfterFirstCommercialSale_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Annual Minimum Royalty Payments After First Commercial Sale</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_AnnualMinimumRoyaltyPaymentsAfterFirstCommercialSale_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Annual minimum royalty payments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year Two</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">2024</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Net loss</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Net loss</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherLiabilitiesDisclosureCurrentTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Accounts Payable, Accrued Liabilities, and Other Liabilities Disclosure, Current [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableAccruedLiabilitiesAndOtherLiabilitiesDisclosureCurrentTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Accrued Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Operating Lease, Weighted Average Discount Rate, Percent</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted average discount rate</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Research and Development Expense [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Research and Development</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_USGovernmentDebtMunicipalBondsAndAgencySecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">U.S. government debt, municipal bonds, and agency securities.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_USGovernmentDebtMunicipalBondsAndAgencySecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">U.S. government debt, municipal bonds, and agency securities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_USGovernmentDebtMunicipalBondsAndAgencySecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">U.S. government debt, municipal bonds, and agency securities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Accounting Policies [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantIncome_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Grant income.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantIncome_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Grant Income</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantIncome_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Grant income</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Intrinsic Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Shares, Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Shares, Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Shares Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShortTermInvestmentsMaturityTerm_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Short-term investments maturity term.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShortTermInvestmentsMaturityTerm_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Short Term Investments Maturity Term</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShortTermInvestmentsMaturityTerm_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Short-term investments effective maturity date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ProceedsFromExerciseOfCommonStockOptions_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Proceeds from exercise of common stock options.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ProceedsFromExerciseOfCommonStockOptions_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Proceeds From Exercise Of Common Stock Options</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ProceedsFromExerciseOfCommonStockOptions_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Proceeds from exercise of common stock options</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Total current liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Net Income (Loss), Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Net loss</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Net Income (Loss), Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommercialPaperMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Commercial Paper [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommercialPaperMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Commercial Paper</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NationalInstitutesOfHealthGrantMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">National institutes of health grant member.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NationalInstitutesOfHealthGrantMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">National Institutes Of Health Grant [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NationalInstitutesOfHealthGrantMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">National Institutes of Health Grant</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IssuanceOfCommonStockUponExerciseOfCommonStockOptionsAndVestingOfRestrictedStockUnits_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock options and vesting of restricted stock units.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IssuanceOfCommonStockUponExerciseOfCommonStockOptionsAndVestingOfRestrictedStockUnits_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Issuance Of Common Stock Upon Exercise Of Common Stock Options And Vesting Of Restricted Stock Units</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_IssuanceOfCommonStockUponExerciseOfCommonStockOptionsAndVestingOfRestrictedStockUnits_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock options and vesting of restricted stock units</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Intrinsic Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Outstanding Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Total undiscounted lease payments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Product and Service [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Product and Service</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Proceeds from Sale of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Revenues, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Revenues</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Sales</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Proceeds from public offering, net of issuance costs</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Proceeds from Issuance Initial Public Offering</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceInitialPublicOffering_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Proceeds from follow-on public offering, net of issuance costs</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Net cash used in operating activities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_AccruedResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Accrued research and development expenses, current.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_AccruedResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Accrued Research And Development Expenses Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_AccruedResearchAndDevelopmentExpensesCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Research and development expenses</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Including Disposal Group and Discontinued Operations</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsIncludingDisposalGroupAndDiscontinuedOperations_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Equity Components [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Equity Components</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term and Weighted Average Discount Rate and Operating Lease Expense and Variable Lease Expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lease, Cost [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Assets, Current [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Current assets:</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_DescriptionOfBusinessLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Description of business.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_DescriptionOfBusinessLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Description Of Business [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_DescriptionOfBusinessLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Description Of Business [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Variable Lease, Cost</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Variable lease expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">As Reported</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Previously Reported [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Term</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Expected term (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_PaymentOnAchievementOfDevelopmentMilestone_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Payment on achievement of development milestone.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_PaymentOnAchievementOfDevelopmentMilestone_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Payment On Achievement Of Development Milestone</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_PaymentOnAchievementOfDevelopmentMilestone_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Milestone payments on development milestone achieved</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_LaboratoryEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Laboratory equipment.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_LaboratoryEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Laboratory Equipment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_LaboratoryEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Lab Equipment</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Investing activities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Undiscounted Excess Amount</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Present value adjustment for minimum lease commitments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_FurnitureFixturesAndComputerEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Furniture, fixtures and computer equipment.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_FurnitureFixturesAndComputerEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Furniture Fixtures And Computer Equipment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_FurnitureFixturesAndComputerEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Office Furniture, Fixtures, and Computer Equipment</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermInvestmentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Short-term Investments [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermInvestmentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Short-term Investments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_DescriptionOfBusinessTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Description of business.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_DescriptionOfBusinessTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Description Of Business [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_DescriptionOfBusinessTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Description Of Business [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationPercentageOfNumberSharesOfCommonStockIssuedAndOutstandingOnImmediateProceeding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Share based compensation percentage of number shares of common stock issued and outstanding on immediate proceeding.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationPercentageOfNumberSharesOfCommonStockIssuedAndOutstandingOnImmediateProceeding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share Based Compensation Percentage Of Number Shares Of Common Stock Issued And Outstanding On Immediate Proceeding</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationPercentageOfNumberSharesOfCommonStockIssuedAndOutstandingOnImmediateProceeding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Share based compensation percentage of number shares of common stock issued and outstanding on immediate proceeding</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Ending balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Beginning balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Total stockholders' equity</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_MilestonePaymentsAmountPayableUponMarketingApproval_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Milestone payments amount payable upon marketing approval.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_MilestonePaymentsAmountPayableUponMarketingApproval_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Milestone Payments Amount Payable Upon Marketing Approval</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_MilestonePaymentsAmountPayableUponMarketingApproval_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Milestone payments payable upon marketing approval</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Statistical Measurement [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Statistical Measurement</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ProceedsFromIssuanceFollowOnPublicOffering_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Proceeds from issuance follow on public offering.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ProceedsFromIssuanceFollowOnPublicOffering_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Proceeds From Issuance Follow On Public Offering</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ProceedsFromIssuanceFollowOnPublicOffering_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Net proceeds from public offering</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAndRestrictedStockUnitsForfeitedCancelledOrExpired_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Share-based compensation arrangement by share-based payment award, options and restricted stock units, forfeited, cancelled or expired.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAndRestrictedStockUnitsForfeitedCancelledOrExpired_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options and Restricted Stock Units, Forfeited, Cancelled or Expired</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsAndRestrictedStockUnitsForfeitedCancelledOrExpired_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Options and restricted stock units forfeited, cancelled, or expired</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsRestatementLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments Restatement [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Small Business</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Small Business</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Payments to Acquire Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebt_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Purchases of available-for-sale securities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Leases [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Leases</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures and Expirations in Period</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Options forfeited, cancelled, or expired</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Shares, Forfeited/expired</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures and Expirations in Period, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">APIC, Share-based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">APIC, Share-based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OverAllotmentOptionMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Over-Allotment Option [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OverAllotmentOptionMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Underwriters&#8217; Option</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantIncomePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Grant income policy.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantIncomePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Grant Income Policy [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantIncomePolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Grant Income</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Schedule of Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Schedule of Other Income, Net</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_CashCashEquivalentsAndShortTermAndLongTermInvestments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_CashCashEquivalentsAndShortTermAndLongTermInvestments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cash Cash Equivalents And Short Term And Long Term Investments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_CashCashEquivalentsAndShortTermAndLongTermInvestments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Cash, cash equivalents, and investments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Fair Value Measurement, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementPolicyPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Fair Value Measurements</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Schedule of Fair Value of Cash Equivalents, Short-term Investments and Long-term Investments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_EmergingGrowthCompanyStatusPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Emerging growth company status.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_EmergingGrowthCompanyStatusPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Emerging Growth Company Status Policy [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_EmergingGrowthCompanyStatusPolicyTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Emerging Growth Company Status</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted-Average Exercise price per Share, Granted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Sale of Stock [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockNameOfTransactionDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Sale of Stock</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ExercisePriceTwoMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Exercise Price $8.93 to 19.94</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ExercisePriceTwoMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Exercise price two.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ExercisePriceTwoMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Exercise Price Two [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_TowThousandAndTwentyEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Tow thousand and twenty employee stock purchase plan.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_TowThousandAndTwentyEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Tow Thousand And Twenty Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_TowThousandAndTwentyEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">2020 Employee Stock Purchase Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Plan Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Plan Name</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Class of Stock [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Class Of Stock [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Depreciation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Depreciation expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Depreciation, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Operating lease initial term</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyLawsuitFilingDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Loss Contingency, Lawsuit Filing Date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyLawsuitFilingDate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Lawsuit filing date</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_TwoThousandAndTwentyEquityIncentivePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Two thousand and twenty equity incentive plan.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_TwoThousandAndTwentyEquityIncentivePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Two Thousand And Twenty Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_TwoThousandAndTwentyEquityIncentivePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">2020 Equity Incentive Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentRestatementTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Schedule of Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustment Restatement [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_PhaseTwoClinicalTrailInitiationOfLicenseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Phase two clinical trail initiation of license agreement.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_PhaseTwoClinicalTrailInitiationOfLicenseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Phase Two Clinical Trail Initiation Of License Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_PhaseTwoClinicalTrailInitiationOfLicenseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Phase 2 Clinical Trial Initiation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecuritiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Debt Securities, Available-for-sale, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecuritiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Investments, Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Prepaid Expense and Other Assets, Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseAndOtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Prepaid expenses and other current assets</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Summary of Option Activity under the 2020 Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Long-Lived Tangible Asset [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Long-Lived Tangible Asset</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Interest and Other Income</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Interest and other income</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestAndOtherIncome_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Interest and Other Income, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Shares, Options exercisable</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Shares Exercisable</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_SharesIssuableUponTheExerciseOfOutstandingCommonStockOptionsAndTheVestingOfOutstandingCommonRestrictedStockUnitsGrantedMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding common stock options and the vesting of outstanding common restricted stock units granted.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_SharesIssuableUponTheExerciseOfOutstandingCommonStockOptionsAndTheVestingOfOutstandingCommonRestrictedStockUnitsGrantedMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Shares Issuable Upon The Exercise Of Outstanding Common Stock Options and the Vesting of Outstanding Common Restricted Stock Units Granted Member</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_SharesIssuableUponTheExerciseOfOutstandingCommonStockOptionsAndTheVestingOfOutstandingCommonRestrictedStockUnitsGrantedMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Shares Issuable Upon the Exercise of Outstanding Common Stock Options and the Vesting of Outstanding Common Restricted Stock Units Granted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Net cash provided by financing activities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Right-of-Use Asset Obtained in Exchange for Operating Lease Liability</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for new operating lease liability</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Non-vested, Vested</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Assets</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Total assets</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Level 2</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock options, shares</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Shares, Exercised</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_LitigationCaseTypeDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Litigation Case [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_LitigationCaseTypeDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Litigation Case</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Total liabilities and stockholders' equity</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Additional Paid-In Capital</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_CommitmentAndContingenciesTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Commitment and contingencies.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_CommitmentAndContingenciesTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Commitment And Contingencies [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_CommitmentAndContingenciesTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Commitment And Contingencies [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Award Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Award Type</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Money Market Funds [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_LaboratoryAndOfficeFacilitiesMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Laboratory and office facilities.</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_LicensedProductsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Licensed Products.</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Schedule Of Antidilutive Securities Excluded From Computation Of Earnings Per Share [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantsReceived_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Grants received.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantsReceived_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Grants Received</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantsReceived_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Grants received</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_GrantsReceived_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Grant received</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Construction in Progress [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Construction in Progress</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyNameOfPlaintiff_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Loss Contingency, Name of Plaintiff</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyNameOfPlaintiff_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Name of plaintiff</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ErrorCorrectionTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Immaterial Error Correction (Unaudited)</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ErrorCorrectionTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Error Correction [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit), Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit), Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit), Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Ex Transition Period</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Ex Transition Period</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Property and Equipment, Net</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Maximum</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsPolicy_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Restricted Cash</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Share based compensation shares authorized under stock option plans exercise price.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share Based Compensation Shares Authorized Under Stock Option Plans Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Exercise Price ($)</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PayablesAndAccrualsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Payables and Accruals [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Operating Lease, Expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Operating lease expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_UnvestedRestrictedStockAwardsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Unvested RSAs</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_UnvestedRestrictedStockAwardsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Unvested Restricted Stock Awards [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_UnvestedRestrictedStockAwardsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Unvested restricted stock awards.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_UnvestedRestrictedStockAwardsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Non-vested Restricted Stock Awards</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PriorPeriodAdjustmentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Prior Period Adjustment [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_UnbilledGrantReceivableCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Unbilled grant receivable current.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_UnbilledGrantReceivableCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Unbilled Grant Receivable Current</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_UnbilledGrantReceivableCurrent_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Unbilled grant receivable</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Equity Component [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Equity Component</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_CashAndCashEquivalentsAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Cash and cash equivalents accumulated gross unrealized loss before tax.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_CashAndCashEquivalentsAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cash And Cash Equivalents Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss Before Tax</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_CashAndCashEquivalentsAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Cash equivalents, Unrealized Losses</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NationalInstituteOnAgingOfTheNationalInstitutesOfHealthMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">National institute on aging of the national institutes of health.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NationalInstituteOnAgingOfTheNationalInstitutesOfHealthMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">National Institute On Aging Of The National Institutes Of Health [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NationalInstituteOnAgingOfTheNationalInstitutesOfHealthMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Volatility Rate</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Expected volatility</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_MilestonePaymentsAmountPayableUponTrialInitiation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Milestone payments amount payable upon trial initiation.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_MilestonePaymentsAmountPayableUponTrialInitiation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Milestone Payments Amount Payable Upon Trial Initiation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_MilestonePaymentsAmountPayableUponTrialInitiation_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Milestone payments, amount payable</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Other expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Other Nonoperating Expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Other Nonoperating Expense, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_WashingtonStateUniversityLicenseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Washington state university license agreement.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_WashingtonStateUniversityLicenseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Washington State University License Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_WashingtonStateUniversityLicenseAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Washington State University License Agreement</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Period for Recognition</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Remaining weighted-average period expected to recognize unrecognized compensation cost</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NonVestedRestrictedStockUnitsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Non-vested restricted stock units member.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NonVestedRestrictedStockUnitsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Non Vested Restricted Stock Units [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NonVestedRestrictedStockUnitsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Non-vested Restricted Stock Units</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Leasehold Improvements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseholdImprovementsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Leasehold Improvement</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementSharesAvailableForGrantTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Schedule of share based compensation arrangement shares available for grant.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementSharesAvailableForGrantTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Schedule Of Share Based Compensation Arrangement Shares Available For Grant Table [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementSharesAvailableForGrantTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Summary of Option Activity Changes in Shares Available for Grant under the 2020 Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Statement [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Statement [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Operating Lease, Weighted Average Remaining Lease Term</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted average remaining lease term (years)</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashEquivalentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cash Equivalents [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashEquivalentsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Cash Equivalents</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Retained Earnings [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Accumulated Deficit</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Employee Service Share Based Compensation Allocation Of Recognized Period Costs [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NetSalesExemptFromRoyaltyPayment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Net sales exempt from royalty payment.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_NetSalesExemptFromRoyaltyPayment_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Net Sales Exempt From Royalty Payment</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Liabilities, Current [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Current liabilities:</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_OperatingLeaseExpirationMonthAndYear_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Operating lease expiration month and year.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_OperatingLeaseExpirationMonthAndYear_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Operating Lease Expiration Month And Year</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_OperatingLeaseExpirationMonthAndYear_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Operating lease expiration month and year</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Payment Arrangement [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Stock-based Compensation</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Operating lease liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Operating Lease, Liability, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Net lease liability</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Common Stock</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Property and equipment, at cost</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross, Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross, Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel">Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Non-vested, Ending Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel">Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value, Non-vested, Beginning Balance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Asset Class [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Asset Class</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipmentTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Property, Plant and Equipment [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipmentTable_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Schedule Of Property Plant And Equipment [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_SharesAvailableForFutureGrantUnderEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Shares available for future grant under the employee stock purchase plan.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_SharesAvailableForFutureGrantUnderEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Shares Available For Future Grant Under Employee Stock Purchase Plan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_SharesAvailableForFutureGrantUnderEmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Shares available for Future Grant under Employee Stock Purchase Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Number of Operating Segments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Number of operating segments</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_RemainingGrantAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Remaining grant amount.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_RemainingGrantAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Remaining Grant Amount</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_RemainingGrantAmount_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Remaining grant to be received</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedStockUnitsRSUMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Restricted Stock Units (RSUs)</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Long-Lived Tangible Asset [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Long-Lived Tangible Asset</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures and Expirations in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresAndExpirationsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted-Average Exercise price per Share, Forfeited/expired</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseRenewalTerm_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Operating Lease, Renewal Term</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseRenewalTerm_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Operating lease, additional term of contract</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Research and Development Expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Research and development</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Research and Development Expense, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted, Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Stock-based compensation expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ScheduleOfReservedSharesOfCommonStockForFutureIssuanceTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Schedule of reserved shares of common stock for future issuance.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ScheduleOfReservedSharesOfCommonStockForFutureIssuanceTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Schedule Of Reserved Shares Of Common Stock For Future Issuance Table [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ScheduleOfReservedSharesOfCommonStockForFutureIssuanceTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Schedule of Reserved Shares of Common Stock for Future Issuance</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RevisionOfPriorPeriodErrorCorrectionAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Adjusted</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="srt_RevisionOfPriorPeriodErrorCorrectionAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Revision of Prior Period, Error Correction, Adjustment [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromMaturitiesPrepaymentsAndCallsOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Proceeds from Maturities, Prepayments and Calls of Debt Securities, Available-for-sale</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromMaturitiesPrepaymentsAndCallsOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Maturities of available-for-sale securities</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option, Exercise Price Range [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationSharesAuthorizedUnderStockOptionPlansExercisePriceRangeLineItems_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Share Based Compensation Shares Authorized Under Stock Option Plans Exercise Price Range [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Dividend Rate</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Expected dividend yield</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">RSUs vested</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel">Share vested</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriod_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel">Share Equivalent, Vested</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Operating Lease, Right-of-Use Asset, Amortization Expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAssetAmortizationExpense_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Non-cash lease expense</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockOwnershipPlan_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueEmployeeStockOwnershipPlan_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Employee Stock Ownership Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Stockholders' equity:</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Summary of Immaterial Error Correction</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Schedule of Error Corrections and Prior Period Adjustments [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Nature of Operations [Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationMaximumAnnualIncreaseInNumberOfSharesThatMayBeIssuedUnderPlan_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation">Share based compensation maximum annual increase in number of shares that may be issued under the plan.</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationMaximumAnnualIncreaseInNumberOfSharesThatMayBeIssuedUnderPlan_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share Based Compensation Maximum Annual Increase In Number Of Shares That May Be Issued Under Plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="atha_ShareBasedCompensationMaximumAnnualIncreaseInNumberOfSharesThatMayBeIssuedUnderPlan_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Share based compensation maximum annual increase in number of shares that may be issued under the plan</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Period Increase (Decrease)</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Period Increase (Decrease), Total</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingPeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">2020 Plan reserve increase on January 1, 2022</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Long-term Investments</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Exercises in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Weighted-Average Exercise price per Share, Exercised</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Increase (Decrease) in Operating Capital [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year Three</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearThree_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">2025</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockCapitalSharesReservedForFutureIssuance_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Common Stock, Capital Shares Reserved for Future Issuance</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Measurement Frequency [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Measurement Frequency</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Amendment Flag</link:label>
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